Browsing by Author "Acan Palag, Luis Alexis"

Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Resistencia antimicrobiana en la cadena láctea: uso terapéutico vs preventivo en bovinos y sus implicaciones One Health.
    (Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC) Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales. Agropecuaria, 2026-11-11) Acan Palag, Luis Alexis; Simancas Racines, Alison Cristina
    The administration of antimicrobial drugs in dairy production is necessary to control diseases that affect the health, welfare, and productive performance of animals, primarily mastitis; however, their widespread use—whether preventive or without a diagnosis—can promote the selection of resistant bacteria, the presence of residues in milk, and the environmental circulation of resistance genes. The purpose of this research was to synthesize the evidence on the consequences of the therapeutic and prophylactic use of these drugs in the management of mastitis and dry-off therapy. The study characterized administration patterns, their relationship to bacterial resistance, the main environmental pathways of the resistome, and applicable interventions to reduce these risks. A structured literature review was conducted using a systematic approach and narrative synthesis, through searches of scientific databases, academic repositories, and the websites of national and international organizations. Documents were selected based on criteria such as publication date, language, relevance, access to the full text, and source quality. The information was organized using matrices for searching, selecting, characterizing, and extracting evidence. The results showed that clinical mastitis is one of the main reasons for treatment and that blanket dry-off therapy increases the herd’s exposure to antibiotics by administering them to animals with and without evidence of infection. In contrast, selecting cows or mammary quarters based on somatic cell count, health history, and microbiological diagnosis helps reduce unnecessary treatments. Resistance patterns were also identified in contagious and environmental pathogens and indicator bacteria, as well as risks of residue levels exceeding permitted limits. Manure, slurry, soil, and water were identified as routes of transmission for resistant bacteria and associated genes. Key interventions included bacteriological culture, veterinary protocols, selective dry-off therapy, internal teat sealants, health records, milking hygiene, and proper manure management. As a contribution, this review integrates production, health, and environmental evidence to guide responsible decision-making. Its impact relates to reducing blanket treatments, protecting food safety, and strengthening sustainable production systems without compromising udder health or animal welfare.