Browsing by Author "Aguayza Mangui, Mishell Maritza"

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    Evaluación de macro y micro invertebrados funcionales del suelo en cuatro sistemas de producción agrícola en el cantón Salcedo
    (Universidad Técncica de Cotopaxi (UTC). Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales. Agronomía, 2026-10-22) Aguayza Mangui, Mishell Maritza; Chasi Vizuete, Wilman Paolo
    Agricultural production systems contribute to the equilibrium of soil organisms; however, degradation caused by inadequate management practices has affected soil functionality, making studies aimed at identifying the role of its components essential. The present research aimed to evaluate functional soil macro- and microinvertebrates across four agricultural production systems (traditional, agroecological, conventional, and natural) in the Salcedo canton. Invertebrates were captured using pitfall traps and Berlese-Tullgren funnels, with six traps installed per system and five samples collected during the study period. Invertebrates were identified through taxonomic keys and the iNaturalist application; subsequently, data were analyzed through statistical methods including analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey's test (p<0.05), and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Simpson's dominance index. A total of 905 macroinvertebrates and 224 microinvertebrates were recorded. Results among systems (traditional, conventional, natural, agroecological) showed highly significant differences (p<0.001), with a coefficient of variation of 11.56, and highly significant differences (p=0.0029) among samples, with a coefficient of variation of 23.27, suggesting that variations exist in soil communities despite differing management practices. The conventional system exhibited the highest abundance in pitfall traps, with an average of 11.6, while the agroecological and conventional systems stood out in Berlese-Tullgren funnels, with averages of 2.33 and 2.23, respectively. Detritivores were more abundant in the agroecological and natural systems. The predominant functional group in the traditional system was predators (58%), while detritivores predominated in the agroecological and natural systems (64% and 94%, respectively); in the conventional system, predators accounted for 80%. The highest Shannon-Wiener index was recorded in the traditional system (1.43) and the agroecological system (1.06), while the Simpson index indicated a dominance of 0.73 in the traditional system and 0.89 in the conventional system. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that although the conventional system exhibited greater abundance, this does not reflect greater diversity but rather the dominance of a single species. This research also highlights the importance of invertebrate capture methods through techniques that are easy to apply, thereby enabling the assessment of soil health.