Browsing by Author "Allauca Alcarraz, Kely Analia"

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    Aislamiento y estudio de la resistencia a los antibacterianos de salmonella SPP., a partir de hisopados cloacales en aves de traspatio de la parroquia Mulaló, cantón Latacunga.
    (Ecuador: Latacunga: Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC)., 2024-08) Allauca Alcarraz, Kely Analia; Herrera Yunga, Vanessa del Rosario
    The objective of this research project was to determine and study the antibacterial resistance of Salmonella spp., from cloacal swabs in backyard birds in Mulaló parish, Latacunga Canton – Cotopaxi Province, in order to evaluate antimicrobial resistance patterns. For this, 40 samples were studied distributed in four neighborhoods identified as downtown, El Rosal, Macalo and Trompucho neighborhoods, performing a microbiological analysis of isolation using the conventional method for the detection of Salmonella spp., proposed by the ISO 6579:2002 standard considered an international reference, performing pre-enrichment of the samples in Lactose broth, followed by enrichment with Tetrathionate broth, and selective isolation in BS and SS Agar for confirmation by traditional biochemical tests using TSI, LIA, SIM, CITRATE, UREA and MRVP, for sensitivity analysis in 14 antimicrobials using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Salmonella was isolated in 7.5% (03/40) of the samples analyzed. Obtaining antibiotic resistance profiles. The results showed that the isolated bacteria are resistant to more than one antibiotic, 100% to penicillin and fosfomycin, followed by 93.3% to erythromycin, 86.7% to amoxicillin and ampicillin, 80% to tetracycline and 66.7% to ampicillin/sulbactam. They were 100% sensitive to gentamicin, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole/trimetropim and florfenicol, 80% to enrofloxacin, and 73.3% to amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. It was concluded that Salmonella spp., it presents resistance mechanisms in multiple antibiotics, so it is important, especially in Latin American countries, to carry out studies on the multi-resistance of this bacteria, since one of the worrying antibiotics in this study was fosfomycin, which is used as a first-line and treated as a last resort treatment when all alternatives have failed, especially when there are infections caused by multi-resistant bacteria, being a risk to health because it can be used indiscriminately within productive sectors, so appropriate control strategies must be established and monitored.