Browsing by Author "Cárdenas Martínez, Erica Talia"

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    Evaluación de los pesos económicos en el índice de selección del programa de mejoramiento genético sostenible de bovinos de leche de la parroquia Ignacio Flores.
    (Ecuador: Latacunga: Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC)., 2024-08) Cárdenas Martínez, Erica Talia; Chalacán Martínez, Evelyn Stefania; Arcos Álvarez, Cristian Neptalí
    The present research project entitled “Evaluation of the economic weights in the selection index of the sustainable genetic improvement program for dairy cattle of the Ignacio Flores parish”. The research addresses the need to improve productive efficiency and milk quality, facing challenges related to economic sustainability and conservation of genetic diversity in the selection of breeding animals. These challenges affect the profitability and sustainability of livestock farms. Additionally, the research highlights the lack of specific studies and programs adapted to local conditions, emphasizing the importance of an approach that combines economic, genetic, and practical analysis. The main objective of the research is to analyze the economic weights in the selection index. Therefore, a descriptive, observational study was conducted, which involved data collection from the animals and an analysis of economic weights. Furthermore, GDP (Gross daily product), DL (Lactation duration), PL (Productive life) and ALC (Adjusted Lactation Yield) were measured. These data were fundamental in evaluating the efficiency of genetic improvement. Predictive models (BLUP) were used to determine genetic values, identifying animals with desirable characteristics for future generations. Regarding the results of GDP, the maximum value obtained was 620.43 g/day, which corresponds to the Olga Grande cow, with respect to ALC, the best specimen for this characteristic was the Corazón cow with a height of 119.50 cm, considering that in this characteristic, shorter animals are preferred. Similarly, the PL results showed that the best producer was the cow Jeruma Mama, with a production of 5105 liters adjusted to 305 days. Lastly, the animal with the best density was the Mocha cow with a density of 1.029. Based on these data, it was determined that factors such as genetics, pasture management and feeding directly affect the income generated by the sale of milk; Therefore, a strong positive correlation (coefficient of 0.98) was found between the amount of milk produced and the quantity of milk produced. 98) between the amount of milk produced and economic profit, suggesting that increasing milk production, under sustainable practices, could increase profits. These results lead to the conclusion that implementation of economic weights in selection indexes could guide producers towards greater profitability and efficiency, considering the genetic traits that directly impact net income. The provided recommendations aim to ensure that these improvements are sustainable and adapted to the specific conditions of the region.