Browsing by Author "Espejo Jimbo, Leonardo Junior"

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    Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) in the Children's English Language Learning Process
    (Ecuador : Pujilí : Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC), 2025-08) Espejo Jimbo, Leonardo Junior; Mendoza Calva, Johan Marlon; Andrade Morán, José Ignacio
    Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is a behavioral disorder characterized by frequent anger, defiance, and hostility toward authority figures. It is more common in children than in adolescents because it tends to develop early, as children learn to cope with emotions and authority. The main objective was to determine how ODD influences children's English language learning process. A qualitative research approach was used. Data were collected using an observational technique using a checklist based on the Disruptive Behavior Disorder (DBD) Rating Scale. The instrument was administered in two educational institutions to ten students between the ages of 4 and 12 who presented behavioral symptoms associated with ODD. Through systematic classroom observation, the study identified recurring patterns such as verbal aggression, refusal to follow instructions, emotional dysregulation, and lack of cooperation. The findings revealed that these behaviors seriously hinder English language learning and affect the overall classroom environment. However, they also indicated that the use of structured routines, visual supports, positive reinforcement, and emotional regulation strategies can improve student engagement and reduce denial behavior. This project highlights the importance of early identification and intervention, as well as the need for teacher training in behavior management. It provides insights for inclusive education and underscores the importance of adapting teaching practices to support students with ODD in foreign language contexts.