Browsing by Author "Guaita Lagua, Katherine Gabriela"

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    Evaluación de los pesos económicos en el índice de selección del programa de mejoramiento genético sostenible de bovinos de leche de la parroquia Juan Montalvo
    (Ecuador: Latacunga: Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC)., 2024-08) Guaita Lagua, Katherine Gabriela; Quishpi Tixi,Carlos Manuel; Beltrán Romero, Cristian Fernando
    Cotopaxi is considered one of the main milk-producing provinces in Ecuador; most of its producers do not receive payment of the official price of a liter of milk. In this research, it has been detected that the production costs of the Juan Montalvo parish indicate that they impact the producer’s economy according to the economic weights analyzed, with milk production being the characteristic that represents the most significant change in the benefit of the producers. It is estimated that the parish can reach an income from the sale of milk of $66,420 per lactation if the average price of 0.39 cents per liter of milk is maintained. Following milk production, density must be considered since improving milk quality would raise the price to 0.52 cents, which is the price stipulated for the liter of milk, representing a change in the benefit of the producers; therefore, to improve profitability, the best animals were selected based on the economic weights of interest, obtaining as a result that the selected cow has a GDP of 106 gr for its next generations. In milk production, producing 4749.71 liters, the cow chosen will take two generations to reach 4500 liters per lactation. Regarding height, when trying to reduce the size of the animals, the selected cow will reach its objective in its fourth generation. Finally, the chosen cow obtained an average of 1,026 gr/ml for milk density, taking ten generations to achieve the expected objective. The selected animals have the best genetic characteristics from the parish, and they will provide more excellent economic value, positively influencing the profitability of livestock farms. Concerning the management of animals in the parish, nutritional deficiencies were observed, finding that 12% of the total cows have a body condition of 2-2.3; on the other hand, within health, it was observed that only one producer complied with the vaccination schedules, regarding milking, 23% of the cows presented mastitis, which indicates poor hygiene at the time of milking, 60% of the total animals were not dewormed for one year or more, 1 of 7 producers manage a vaccination schedule; finally, all producers have wooden facilities, such as chutes, except for one that does not have the necessary adjustments for handling animals.