Browsing by Author "Ilbay Yupa Mercy Lucila"

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    “Evaluación agronómica de alfalfa (medicago sativa), achira (canna indica), y sigse (cortasderia nitida) para mejoramiento de suelos de la junta de riego Tiliche San José del cantón Latacunga provincia de Cotopaxi 2024”
    (Ecuador : Latacunga : Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC), 2024-08) Chicaiza Guanoquiza, Edison Stalin; Chuquimarca Vasco, Tania Lizeth; Ilbay Yupa Mercy Lucila
    Arsenic contamination of irrigation water affects the health of agricultural soils. In this research, alfalfa (Medicago sativa), achira (Canna indica), and sigse (Cortasderia nitida) were evaluated agronomically for soil improvement in the Tiliche San José irrigation board in the canton of Latacunga, Cotopaxi province 2024. The following study is to evaluate soil fertility and arsenic concentration in three species of alfalfa, achira and sigse as phytoremediation, the process of the study is based on a systematic soil sampling using a zigzag design to ensure a representative coverage of an area of 64m2. A completely randomized experimental design with three species and three replicates was implemented to evaluate the growth and arsenic uptake capacity of the species. In addition, plant parts (root, stem and leaves) were sampled to evaluate the efficacy of the species in phytoremediation of contaminated soils. Soil analysis revealed good conditions in high terms P 69.0 ppm, K 0.7 meq/100g, Ca 10.3 meq/100g and Mg 3.4 meq/100g, in medium terms Cu 4.0 ppm and in low terms total N 0.32%, Mn 3.0 ppm, M.O. 3.0%. The soil pH 7.6 is slightly alkaline. The arsenic concentration in each of the treatments increased significantly from April to July in T1 0.88 mg As/kg, T2 0.98 mg As/kg and T3 0.76 mg As/kg. Significant differences in plant growth indicated that arsenic concentration had a differential impact on the development of each species, with alfalfa showing the greatest growth. In the analysis of VARIANCE, no significant differences were found between treatments, i.e. all species have a similar capacity to adapt in this initial period. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) showed remarkable growth, reaching heights of up to 90 cm under arsenic concentration conditions. It proved to be the species with the highest phytoremediation capacity, accumulating three times more in the aerial part than in the root. The research concludes that alfalfa is the most effective species in the phytoremediation of As-contaminated soils, showing a remarkable capacity for adaptation and absorption to improve soil quality in the community of Tiliche San José.
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    “Evaluación agronómica de los parámetros de agua y suelo en la Junta de agua de riego de la Comunidad Chilla Grande / Generación de las Gascas 23-24”
    (Ecuador : Latacunga : Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC), 2024-08) Murillo Martínez, Brayan Paul; Ilbay Yupa Mercy Lucila
    The purpose of the research was to carry out an agronomic evaluation of the water and soil of the irrigation water board of the Chilla Grande / Generación de las Gascas community, in the parish of Toacaso, located in the province of Cotopaxi. The board is formed by 156 members, divided into 3 branches that connect the entire community. The objective of this research was to evaluate agronomically the water and soil parameters of the board. Water quality was assessed using multiparameter (electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), pH), and arsenic (As), total coliforms (nmp), Ce, and pH were evaluated in the laboratory. Samples were also taken in two branches where pH, nitrogen (N), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P) and arsenic (As) were determined. Also, the agroecological classification was studied, pending through QGis. In production, the most important crops for both consumption and points determined that the water has an alkaline pH, the EC is low, it does not cause damage to crops, the Sdt is not restricted for agricultural use due to its low levels, nmp is present in the irrigation water, contaminating fruits and vegetables. In the intake As exceeds 2.8 times its limit, in the reservoir it exceeds 1.3 times its limits, in branch 01 As exceeds 1.3 times its limit, likewise branch 03 it (0.7 times), according to Ecuadorian regulations (TULSMA). On the other hand, the results obtained from the soil quality of the joint, in branch 01 with a pH of 6.64 is a medium acid soil, while in branch 03 the pH was 7.03 (neutral). In the case of As, branch 01 concentrates 5.17 mg/kg in the soil, which is above the limits, while in branch 03 As with 1.43 mg/kg in the soil is below the TULSMA norms, in the soils of the two branches there is a high content of N, K, P, Ca, Mg. In the slopes, an area with moderately undulating slopes was obtained with 32,10%, with 19% flat or almost flat soils ans with 15,69% mountainous terrain. In the agro-ecological area, there are two types of soils, with 22,27% suitable for wildlife conservation and 32,10% suitable for permanent crops. The most important crops were identified through key informant surveys. As a result, the most important crops were potatoes (Solanum tuberosum), corn (Zea mays), beans (Vicia faba) and pasture (Pastus), which are also important for marketing. The As in the irrigation water is above the maximum allowable limits, which is accumulating in the soil and possibly contaminating the crops.