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“Evaluación de enraizantes en esquejes de dos variedades de papa Súperchola (Solanum tuberosum), Iniap-Puca shungo (Solanum andígenum) en la Estación Experimental Santa Catalina INIAP-2024”.
(Ecuador : Latacunga : Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC), 2024-08) Toapanta Dias, Dorys Maribel; Yauli Chicaiza, Guido Euclides
Potatoes are a very important crop for humanity, since of its production volumen ranked fourth in global, The tuber is threatened by phytosanitary issues, and the lack of knowledge of farmers multiplication systems using cuttings are not practiced. This research evaluated rooting in cuttings of two potato varieties: Súperchola (Solanum tuberosum) Iniap -Puca Shungo (Solanum andígenum) at the Santa Catalina Experimental Station INIAP located in the Pichincha province, Mejía canton, Cutuglagua parish. Using a completely random block design (CRBD) with a factorial arrangement AxB, where factor A represents the potato varieties (Súperchola and Iniap-Puca Shungo) and factor B represents the rooting (Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus subtilis, coffee in based ‘Minerva’, and as witness the Hormonagro1), so the research includes eight treatments with three replications, giving us in total 24 experimental units. The variables evaluated were percentage of rooting (%), height of shoots (cm), number of roots, root length (cm) and root weight (gr) in which was carried out a variance analysis and test Tukey of 5%. Based on the result nterpretation, it was identified that statistically all treatments had the same percentage of rooting, but in values the treatment V2E2 (INIAP-Puca Shungo + Bacillus subtilis) showed the best rooting (92.18%); the best treatments for shoot length were V2E2 (INIAP-Puca Shungo + Bacillus subtilis) with an average of (4.26 cm) and V1E2 (Súperchola + Bacillus subtilis) with an average of (3.93 cm). In the variables related to the root system, the treatment V2E2 (INIAP-Puca shungo + Bacillus subtilis) with the number of roots (9.89); in the length of roots with an average of (9.23 cm) and however in the weight of roots the treatment V2E3 (INIAP-Puca shungo + coffee base in "Minerva") with (0,36gr), rooting agents will help to promote plant development both at the root and vegetative level. In addition, the benefit/cost analysis of the project was carried out with a value of $1.39, since for each dollar invested there was a profit of 0.39 cents. Where it is stated that the application of rooting agents on cuttings from mother plants helps to obtain potato seedlings.
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Evaluación de la eficiencia de tres dosificaciones de biol enriquecido en el frutal claudia (prunus doméstica) establecido como cerca viva, CEASA- UTC, provincia de Cotopaxi 2024”
(Ecuador : Latacunga : Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC), 2024-08) Bastidas Freire, Santiago David; Jácome Mogro, Emerson Javier
The Claudia plum (Prunus domestica) is located in the highlands as an economically important crop, however, the high production costs have led to its progressive abandonment. The present research was carried out at the CEASA-UTC experimental center, which aimed to: Evaluate the efficiency of three dosages of enriched biol in DRENCH mode, using a T0 control without application of it, The first treatment T1 with a 5% doseage, followed by two T2 with a 10% doseage, consequently followed by three T3 with a 15% doseage. These were arranged using a completely random block design (DBCA) with four (4) treatments, four (4) repetitions, where the variables to be evaluated were: increase of base height of the graft at the apex, increase in graft diameter and incidence of phytosanitary problems, the results were processed in the Infostat software, where no statistical significance (p-value<0.05) was found in the increase in plant diameter and height in the growth stage. From the data obtained, it was observed that for the increase in base height of the graft at the apex, T0 (0%) showed a value of 7,16 cm, followed by treatment T1 with a value of 6.55 cm, then T2 with a value of 7.39 cm and finally T3 with a value of 7,44 cm. Giving the treatment T3 (15%) the best for the increase in height with a range of 0.9 cm difference to the lower height that was treatment T1 (50%). As for the increase in the diameter of the graft, the best response was T1 (5%) with 5.8 mm, followed by T0 (0%) with 5.79 mm, following this treatment T3 (15%) with 5.72 mm ,finally it was observed that the treatment T2 (10%) with 5.67 mm diameter. For the incidence of phytosanitary problems, the best treatment was T3, which showed an incidence rate of 30% and 20% in Criabado (Wilsonomyces carpophylus (Lév.)) and spider or red mite (Panonychus Ulmi Koch) respectively.
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Evaluación de trichoderma spp. nativo y comercial a diferentes concentraciones en las propiedades químicas del suelo, cultivo de lechuga (lactuca sativa l.) variedad batavia; en la terraza del campus Salache - Cotopaxi, 2023-2024”.
(Ecuador : Latacunga : Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC), 2024-08) Juncal Yauri, Dennis Alexander; Castillo de la Guerra, Clever Gilberto
The present research project was carried out on the terrace of the Salache campus of the Technical University of Cotopaxi. With the purpose of evaluating the effect of two strains of Trichoderma spp. (native and commercial) at different concentrations in the chemical properties of the soil and identify the best concentration in the behavior of the lettuce crop (Lactuca sativa L.) batavia variety. For the laboratory replication work of Trichoderma spp, the methodology of (Troya 2014) and for the determination of concentrations (Velez 1997). The design used was a completely randomized block design (DBCA); with six treatments plus a control with three repetitions, the factors under study were Trichoderma spp, (native and commercial) and three concentrations 10-6,10-8,10-10; resulting in 21 experimental units. The variables to be evaluated were the chemical properties of the soil (macronutrients and micronutrients); plant height (cm); number of leaves; leaf width (cm); leaf length (cm) and harvest yield (kg). InfoStat software was used for statistical analysis. The results obtained for the variable chemical properties of the soil: pH of 9.56 at the beginning and at the end of the application of Trichoderma spp, decreases to 9.47 being an alkaline soil, Organic Matter rose from 0.29 to 0.70 % being considered low levels and the other elements behaved stable except for nitrogen, which dropped from 64 ppm to 28.94 ppm as a result of crop consumption. The results obtained in the plant response, the T6 treatment (Trichoderma commercial concentration 10-10) gave better results in; The variable plant height with 7.86 cm; sheet number with 11.03; for the variable width of leaves with 6.68 cm; for the variable leaf length with 6.48 cm and for the variable yield at harvest with 5.16 kg/m2. It is established that the best concentration of commercial Trichoderma was the concentration 10-10 because it is a biostimulant that helps the assimilation of nutrients.
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“Evaluación de la producción de plántulas de brócoli en dos variedades de (whalman 29 y green sprouting calabrese) con la aplicación de tres trichodermas comerciales en la pilonera del GAD Municipal de Mejía.”
(Ecuador : Latacunga : Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC), 2024-08) Guanopatin Amaguaña, Joan Nicolás; Jiménez Jacome, Cristian Santiago
The objective of this work was to evaluate the production of broccoli seedlings of two varieties (Whalman 29 and Green Sprouting Calabrese) through the application of three commercial Trichodermas in the pylon of the GAD Municipal de Mejía. The problem posed was the deficient rooting in broccoli production, which affects its productivity and sustainability. The methodology used was mixed, combining a field experimental design with qualitative observations. Thirty-two experimental units were used with a randomized complete block design and 4x2 factorial arrangement, including three commercial Trichodermas, a control and two broccoli varieties. Variables such as germination percentage, height, root volume and diameter, and number of leaves were evaluated. The main results indicated that the Whalman 29 variety and the commercial Trichoderma Trichobe showed the best seedling production, with improvements in height, number of leaves and root development. The study concluded that the use of Trichoderma, specifically Trichobe, can be an effective strategy to improve broccoli seedling production, promoting greater growth and disease resistance, which could translate into greater productivity and sustainability of the crop in the region.
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“Evaluación de la respiración del suelo, con la utilización de dos métodos de determinación (Solvita y KOH) de cinco sistemas productivos en tres sectores de la Provincia de Cotopaxi”
(Ecuador : Latacunga : Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC), 2024-08) Mangui Ichina, Jessica Anabel; Chasi Vizuete, Wilman Paolo
Soil respiration is a process through which the soil exchanges gases with the atmosphere, through this respiration, the soil releases carbon dioxide (CO2) and consumes oxygen (O2) for the decomposition of organic matter, this process is crucial for the health of soil ecosystems.The present research was carried out in the of Salache, Isinche and Carrillos localities in the Cotopaxi province, with the objective of evaluating soil respiration in five production systems (traditional, agroecological, conventional, degraded and natural), for which two methods of determination were used Test de Solvita® and Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) taking into account that this parameter reflects biological activity, also involves the production of carbon dioxide and the decomposition of organic matter. For the determination using the Solvita Test, 30 g of each prepared soil sample was use, the gel changes color in the presence of CO2, allowing for a visual estimate that is compared with a colorimetric scale, to stablised the Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) was used 20 g of each soil mixed with ddH2O so prepare a solution 0.05M KOH and was determined the CO2 released by the soil is absorbed by the KOH, forming potassium carbonate (K2CO3), which is then used for comparing the results of both methods. From the results obtained in the Salache area, the (natural) system is evidenced with a ratio of 11,67mg CO2/ sample, giving a high mid-range while the (traditional) system has 9.84 mg CO2/simple with an ideal range, while in the Isinche area of Infantes it is evident that the systems (degraded and traditional ) is 7,44 mg CO2/sample, while that incubation of KOH the system (natural) has a value of 9,36 mg CO2/sample and in the Carrillos area shows that the (degraded and traditional) system is the 18,23 mg CO2/sample, and the incubation KOH the system (conventional) is 9.70 mg CO2/sample. The two methods usedare valid for measuring soil respiration, and the levels obtained can be considered indicative of the soil health of the production systems.