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Evaluación de dos tipos de injertos de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) utilizando varetas con diferentes números de yemas
(Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC). La Maná. Agronomía, 2026-11-04) Mendez Sanchez, Yosselin Yomara; Yarlequé Peralta, Raúl Alexander; Quinatoa Lozada, Eduardo Fabián
Vegetative propagation through grafting constitutes a fundamental strategy for the clonal multiplication of elite cacao materials (Theobroma cacao L.), allowing the preservation of superior genetic characteristics and improving the uniformity of commercial plantations. Objective:The study evaluated the effect of two types of grafting (lateral and terminal) combined with one-bud and three-bud scions on the percentage of take and the initial growth of cacao plants (Theobroma cacao L.)under nursery conditions, with the aim of optimizing the use of clonal material and improving the efficiency of propagation processes. Methodology:The research was conducted in the La Libertad sector of the La Maná canton, using a completely randomized block design consisting of four treatments and five repetitions. The days to rooting, rooting percentage, shoot height, relative chlorophyll content (SPAD), and number of leaves per shoot were evaluated; the data were subjected to analysis of variance and mean comparison using the Tukey test at a 5% significance level. Results:Significant statistical differences were identified between the treatments (p < 0.05). The lateral graft with one bud showed the shortest rooting time (3 days), while the treatments with lateral grafts of one and three buds and terminal grafts of one bud achieved 100% rooting. The terminal graft with one bud recorded the highest shoot height (9.65 cm), while the terminal graft with three buds showed the highest chlorophyll content (26.2 SPAD). Conclusions: The use of scions with one bud showed advantages in the establishment and initial development of the grafts, constituting a viable alternative to optimize plant material in cocoa nurseries and contribute to the efficient production of clonal plants.
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“Percepción docente sobre la integración de recursos tecnológicos en la educación ambiental”
(Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC). Pujilií. Licenciatura en Ciencias de la Educación Básica, 2026-11-04) Tuso Vinocunga, Wendy Maribel; Jácome Segovia, Diego Fernando
Introduction. Environmental education requires experiences connected to the school context and teaching mediation that gives pedagogical meaning to digital resources. Objective. To analyze teachers’ perceptions of the integration of technological resources in environmental education, considering student results as complementary contextual information. Methodology. The study followed a quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional and descriptive design. A Likert scale was applied to four teachers, and a student dataset of 43 valid cases processed in SPSS was reviewed. Results. Teachers’ assessment was high: 97.5% favorable for technological resources and 100% for environmental education. Among students, 62.8% reached a medium level, and the mean score was 7.581 out of 10. Conclusion. Teachers show openness to technological use, although student data suggest the need to strengthen planning, guidance and didactic continuity. General area of study: Education. Specific area of study: Environmental education and educational technology. Type of study: Original article
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“Evaluación de los procesos cognitivos en el aprendizaje de la escritura”
(Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC). Pujilií. Licenciatura en Ciencias de la Educación Básica, 2026-11-04) Lasinquiza Flores, Darly Estefania; Toapanta Toca, Piedad Aracely; Grados Fabara, Katya Mercedes
Introduction. Environmental education requires experiences connected to the school context and teaching mediation that gives pedagogical meaning to digital resources. Objective. To analyze teachers’ perceptions of the integration of technological resources in environmental education, considering student results as complementary contextual information. Methodology. The study followed a quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional and descriptive design. A Likert scale was applied to four teachers, and a student dataset of 43 valid cases processed in SPSS was reviewed. Results. Teachers’ assessment was high: 97.5% favorable for technological resources and 100% for environmental education. Among students, 62.8% reached a medium level, and the mean score was 7.581 out of 10. Conclusion. Teachers show openness to technological use, although student data suggest the need to strengthen planning, guidance and didactic continuity. General area of study: Education. Specific area of study: Environmental education and educational technology. Type of study: Original article
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Aplicación de mucílago de cacao para el control del musgo (Rigodium implexum) en el cultivo de café robusta (Coffea canephora)
(Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC). La Maná. Agronomía, 2026-11-04) Toaza Sanchez, Ingrid Liseth; Sillo Cuyo, Alexandra Paola; Macias Pettao, Ramón Klever
To evaluate the effect of different concentrations of fermented cocoa mucilage on the control of Rigodium implexum in robusta coffee plants (Coffea canephora), as an agroecological alternative for the management of this organism. Methodology: The research was carried out at the Sacha Wiwa Experimental Center, La Maná canton, Cotopaxi province, Ecuador, using a randomized complete block design with five treatments (100, 75, 50, and 25% fermented mucilage, plus a control), four replications, and 60 experimental plants. The physicochemical properties of the mucilage were characterized, and the mortality percentage, moss coverage, and foliar phytotoxicity were evaluated at 15 and 30 days after application. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test (p≤0.05). Results: The mucilage presented a pH of 5.04, 0.12% acetic acid, and an alcohol content of 0.12%. In the second evaluation, the 100% and 75% concentrations achieved 100% and 88% mortality and reduced moss coverage to 0% and 12%, respectively, without showing foliar phytotoxicity. Conclusions: The 100% and 75% concentrations showed higher efficacy for controlling R. implexum and represented a viable agroecological alternative with potential application for moss management in robusta coffee plantations. Further studies on dosage, application frequency, and treatment behavior under different agroecological conditions were considered pertinent.
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Dosis de compost en combinación con fertilización mineral en el cultivo de tabaco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)
(Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC). La Maná. Agronomía, 2026-11-04) Carrera Asimbaya, Maria Fernanda; Vichisela Cuchiparte, Martha Noemi; López Bósquez Jonathan Bismar
The progressive degradation of agricultural soils and the intensive use of synthetic fertilizers have reduced soil fertility and nutrient retention efficiency, making it necessary to implement alternative nutrient management strategies. In this context, the incorporation of amendments such as compost combined with mineral fertilization represents an effective approach to improve the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil. The present study evaluated the effect of different compost doses integrated with mineral fertilization on tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) cultivation. The experiment was established under a randomized complete block design, including treatments consisting of a control, mineral fertilization alone, and the integration of compost at rates of 2, 4, and 6 t ha−1. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s test (p ≤ 0.05). The results showed that integrated fertilization significantly improved most of the evaluated variables compared to the control treatment. Statistical differences were observed in leaf development, number of leaves, chlorophyll content, leaf weight, and yield, with the treatments combining compost and mineral fertilization showing the best performance. The application of 4 t ha−1 of compost exhibited a superior trend compared to mineral fertilization alone, whereas higher doses did not produce additional increases. Plant height did not show significant statistical differences among treatments. The integrated application of compost and mineral fertilization improved nutrient use efficiency, increased crop yield, and represents a viable alternative for the sustainable management of tobacco cultivation.