Communities
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Eficiencia del protocolo de inseminación artificial a tiempo fijo (iatf) con dispositivos intravaginales de progesterona, en vaconas de producción de leche, en condiciones de sub trópico de la cordillera ecuatoriana
(Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC). Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales. Medicina Veterinaria, 2026-10-19) Bohórquez Pantoja, Joseph Jeanpool; Garzón Jarrín, Rafael Alfonso
Fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) represents an option for planning reproductive management and the programmed use of genetic material in cattle farming. This study aimed to evaluate the reproductive response in dairy heifers subjected to an FTAI protocol with an intravaginal progesterone device under the production conditions of El Chaco Canton, Napo Province. A field evaluation was conducted on 50 heifers that received a hormonal synchronization protocol for artificial insemination. The reproductive response was evaluated through pregnancy diagnosis, and the data were expressed as frequencies and percentages. After 34 of the 50 heifers were treated, resulting in a 68% pregnancy rate, 16 did not become pregnant, representing 32% of the heifers not becoming pregnant. These results demonstrate an adequate response in the cows, but also show that not all animals should be inseminated after the protocol. Therefore, prior to applying timed artificial insemination (TAI), the selection of the cows, their body condition, health status, and reproductive stage must be considered, as well as respecting the time intervals for hormone administration and insemination. It can be concluded that TAI is a viable technical alternative for the reproductive management of dairy cows in El Chaco, provided that a prior evaluation of the animals is carried out and they are given appropriate management throughout the entire process.
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Evaluación de la viabilidad para la implementación de un sistema de monitoreo de la calidad de agua de consumo humano basado en ciencia abierta y ciudadana en el sector Salache, provincia Cotopaxi
(Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC). Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales. Ambiental, 2026-10-19) Toaquiza Tigasi, Wilma Verónica; Sarabia Lozada, Damián Josué; Fonseca Largo, Kalina Marcela
Nationally, in rural areas, the distribution and protection of water for human consumption and irrigation are managed by community boards made up of users. However, these organizations face political, economic, social, technological, ecological, and legal (PESTEL) limitations that hinder their ability to guarantee safe water. An example of this is the communities in the Salache sector, including the campus of the Technical University of Cotopaxi, where there are limitations in access to water and a lack of continuous monitoring of its quality. In this context, the research evaluated the feasibility of implementing a monitoring system based on open science and citizen participation. A mixed-methods approach was used, integrating technical information and community perceptions. Through a literature review, the main PESTEL factors related to water availability and quality were identified. Subsequently, using purposive non-probability sampling with progressive selection of key participants, twenty community leaders from Salache Grande, Salache Rumipamba, Salache Angamarca, and Taniloma were selected to participate in workshops. The concepts were adapted to the community context and transformed into a Fuzzy Cognitive Map (FCM). Participants established causal relationships and weighed their influence using a traffic light-type visual system. The map was analyzed using Mental Modeler with graph theory to determine degrees of entry, degrees of exit, centrality, and density. Additionally, three scenarios were simulated using fuzzy inference: worst-case scenario, implementation of the system with open-source ESP32 hardware, and expansion of water storage. The results showed that the ecological dimension (32.58%) was the most influential, followed by the social dimension (17.50%). Poor community water management exhibited the highest centrality (CI=60.79). The system reached a density of 0.87 with 1467 connections. The optimal scenario improved 95.45% of the variables. Finally, the system's viability was confirmed, and a methodological manual for its community implementation was developed
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Desarrollo de un sistema de gestión integral de residuos comunes para las industrias del sector productivo veterinario del Parque Industrial de Ambato, 2026
(Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC) Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales. Ambiental, 2026-10-15) Chiluisa Lobato, Wilson Ramiro; Pachacama Jiménez, Marlon Patricio; Cajas Cayo, Isaac Eduardo
The objective of this research was to develop a Comprehensive General Waste Management System using a qualitative approach for fourteen organizations in the veterinary production sector and related activities in the Ambato Industrial Park. A qualitative, bibliographic, field-based, and non-experimental methodology was applied; data were collected through direct observation, on-site visits, document review, a descriptive recording matrix, and reference weigh-ins, analyzed using frequencies, quantities, and percentages, without statistical inference. Waste management practices were assessed, sources and waste streams were identified, and a technical proposal tailored to the business context was designed. The results showed that, of the fourteen organizations analyzed, seven—equivalent to 50%—dispose of their waste through authorized waste management companies, while the remainder rely on municipal collection, informal waste collectors, reuse, or a combination of these methods. Consolidated records of common waste totaled 760 kg per month and 9,120 kg per year for all observed waste streams. Paper and cardboard together accounted for 55.26%, and the recoverable waste streams selected for the projects—paper, cardboard, and plastic—totaled 6,000 kg annually, equivalent to 65.79% of the total recorded.Hazardous or special waste, such as expired medications and electrical and electronic devices, was excluded from direct reuse and sent for separate management. Six management strategies and three pilot projects were proposed: pavers made from recycled plastic, cardboard furniture, and eco-friendly paper. It is concluded that the system is technically feasible for gradual implementation, provided that responsibilities, record-keeping, segregation, temporary storage, handover to authorized waste managers, and technical, economic, environmental, and safety validation of the pilot projects are formalized. The proposal also seeks to strengthen organizational participation, improve internal waste control, and foster sustainable practices that reduce environmental impacts, optimize the use of materials, and promote a corporate culture based on prevention, recovery, and continuous improvement. Furthermore, it aims to promote corporate cooperation, continuous monitoring, and the responsible recovery of waste, thereby contributing to the strengthening of environmental, institutional, and productive performance.
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Caracterización fitoquímica y evaluación del potencial remediador de baccharis latifolia frente a contaminantes metálicos en soluciones acuosas Salache Cotopaxi
(Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC) Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales. Ambiental, 2026-10-15) Cardenas Cardenas, Juan Diego; Moreno Ávila, Andrés Sebastián
The study evaluated the potential of biochars produced from the leaves and flowers of Baccharis latifolia to reduce Cu(II) in a synthetic aqueous solution, complementing the study with a phytochemical characterization of the roots, stems, leaves, and flowers. The plant material was collected in the Salache area, Latacunga canton; it was dried at 80 °C for 24 hours and subjected to ethanol extraction to identify secondary metabolites using colorimetric and precipitation assays. Biochars were produced in a muffle furnace under oxygen-limited conditions at 350, 400, and 450 °C for 15 minutes. Their performance was evaluated against an initial concentration of 104 mg/L of Cu(II), considering contact times of 0, 10, 30, and 60 minutes. The residual concentration was determined using UV-visible spectrophotometry, and the removal percentage was calculated. The screening revealed differences among organs: phenolic compounds scored 5/5 in the stem, flower, and leaf; tannins scored 5/5 in the stem and flower, 4/5 in the leaf, and 3/5 in the root; the flower had the highest flavonoid content, at 4/5, and the leaf showed the strongest preliminary evidence of alkaloids. Biochar yields ranged from 33.39% to 57.65%. The most efficient treatments were leaves at 400 °C and flowers at 450 °C, both with 76.92% removal and a residual concentration of 24 mg/L at 60 minutes. The results demonstrated preliminary adsorbent potential; however, their interpretation was limited by the use of a synthetic solution, a single initial concentration, and the absence of independent replicates.
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Desarrollo de indicadores de sostenibilidad ambiental para la parroquia de Mulliquindil Santa Ana, cantón Salcedo, provincia Cotopaxi, 2026
(Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC) Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales. Ambiental, 2026-10-15) Chicaiza Ramírez, Aracely Fernanda; Agreda Oña, José Luis
The sustainability of rural areas requires reliable information that makes it possible to identify their problems, measure the changes that have occurred, and guide decisions in line with the needs of the population. From this perspective, the study focused on developing environmental indicators for the Mulliquindil Santa Ana parish, Salcedo canton, Cotopaxi province, with the overall objective of developing environmental sustainability indicators based on criteria of effectiveness and efficiency to assess environmental conditions and strengthen sustainable management; the specific objectives were aimed at diagnosing social, environmental, and economic conditions, determining indicators linked to the main issues, and designing a technical proposal for their implementation and monitoring; The methodology employed a mixed-methods approach, with both descriptive and applied scopes, combining documentary and fieldwork methods through a review of institutional sources, direct observation, surveys, and interviews with local stakeholders; the population consisted of 7,632 inhabitants, and the sample included 192 adults, whose data were analyzed using frequencies, percentages, and analytical categories; The results showed that 69.8% experienced interruptions in water supply, 63.5% rated water quality as fair or poor, 30% used alternative methods of waste disposal, and 89.6% acknowledged environmental impacts caused by economic activities; Difficulties were also identified regarding agrochemicals, burning, soil degradation, environmental education, and community participation; based on the assessment, matrices of issues, indicators, and monitoring were structured according to the Pressure-State-Response model, incorporating baselines, targets, responsible parties, frequency, verification methods, and a traffic-light system; It was concluded that the proposed system transforms territorial findings into comparable information for evaluating progress and informing decisions; it is recommended that the Decentralized Autonomous Parish Government progressively apply the indicators, update baselines, and coordinate monitoring with water boards, communities, educational institutions, and local producers.