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Diseño y construcción de una prensa hidráulica de chatarra utilizando cilindros reciclados de plataformas de carga
(Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC). Facultad de Ciencias de la Ingeniería y Aplicadas. Electromecánica, 2026-10-14) Perez Muso, Jhonathan Steveen; Prado Toctaguano, Pamela Lizbeth; Vizueta Fiallos, Gonzalo Xavier
The purpose of this technological project was the design and construction of a hydraulic scrap metal press using recycled cylinders from loading platforms. The machine is intended for the compaction and bending of metal waste generated by mechanical and industrial activities. For the development of the project, a field methodology based on the direct observation of the activities currently carried out at Megacons Company was applied, which made it possible to identify the technical needs required by the company, including scrap metal compaction, axle bending, and other similar activities, thus contributing to establishing the necessary elements for the design and construction of the machine. Based on the information collected through the company’s owner and workers, the structural, mechanical, and hydraulic characteristics necessary for the construction of the press were determined. Likewise, the reuse of cylinders from loading platforms was considered, which were in suitable condition, allowing the integration of the other structural components necessary to generate the required compressive force to reduce the volume of metal waste, facilitating its transportation and handling. In this way, the project constitutes an innovative and functional technological alternative that contributes to scrap metal management and the development of work activities that do not put workers’ health at risk.
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Diseño construcción de una máquina para corte y recolección de su producto del coco de agua
(Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC). Facultad de Ciencias de la Ingeniería y Aplicadas. Electromecánica, 2026-10-14) Quinatoa Taco, Luis Alcides; Gallardo Molina, Cristian Fabian
This research project addresses the design and construction of a machine for cutting open and collecting coconut water, with the aim of optimizing the beverage extraction process, reducing operating times, and mitigating the ergonomic risks associated with manual processing. The methodology applied was based on the Waterfall model, structured sequentially into five phases: analysis, design, implementation, testing, and adjustments. During the analysis phase, the physical and geometric properties of the coconuts were characterized, determining a required cutting force of 1,500 N. In the design stage, a connecting rod-rocker arm mechanism was dimensioned and powered by a 2 HP (1.26 kW) electric motor, using A36 steel for the support structure and AISI 304 stainless steel for the surfaces in contact with the food product, thereby ensuring food safety. Functional tests conducted on 50 samples validated the system’s kinematic stability, confirming clean cuts, efficient power consumption, and effective liquid collection. Finally, the economic evaluation demonstrated the prototype’s financial viability, concluding that automating this process significantly increases productivity and safety in the agro-industrial sector.
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Análisis de fallas en el banco de corrección de factor de potencia en la planta de pintura en la empresa Ciauto Cia Ltda
(Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC). Facultad de Ciencias de la Ingeniería y Aplicadas. Electromecánica, 2026-10-14) Telenchana Quilligana, Glenda Margoth; Toapanta Andrango, Stalin Israel; Freire Martínez, Luigi Orlando
This research analyzed the failures affecting the operation of the power factor correction bank in the paint plant of CIAUTO LTD. The study was conducted using a quantitative approach, including a technical inspection of the bank, verification of the measurement system, and analysis of the electrical parameters obtained during a measurement campaign with the Fluke 435-II power quality analyzer. The diagnosis determined a nominal installed capacity of 105 kVAr, compared to a recorded capacity of 99.4 kVAr. In addition, inadequate connections in the current transformers were identified, associated with differences between the readings of the DUCATI DUCA-LCD96 panel analyzer and the Fluke 435-II. The electrical analysis showed that the power factor varied according to load conditions, reaching values between 0.97 and 0.98 during production and an average of 0.79 under low demand. Based on these results, it was proposed to restructure the bank to a nominal capacity of 130 kVAr, distributed in six steps of 5, 10, 25, 25, 40, and 25 kVAr. For the low-demand condition, a compensation requirement of 4.89 kVAr was determined, and a 5 kVAr capacitor was selected. Simulation in DIgSILENT PowerFactory allowed evaluation of this step, resulting in an increase in the power factor from 0.73 to 0.98 for the analyzed condition. The proposal incorporates backup steps and reuses existing components, improving the adaptation of the bank to the identified operating conditions.
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Aplicación del protocolo hart en el proceso de calibración de transmisores de temperatura
(Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC). Facultad de Ciencias de la Ingeniería y Aplicadas. Electromecánica, 2026-10-14) Siza Tigse, Kevin Alexander; Tigasi Licto, Jairo Israel; Freire Martínez, Luigi Orlando
The objective of this research was to apply a technical procedure using the HART protocol for the calibration of a temperature transmitter in order to identify the stage requiring intervention, apply the available adjustment, and quantitatively evaluate the error in the primary variable. The problem addressed was that verification based solely on the 4–20 mA signal did not clearly identify the source of the measurement error. Therefore, HART communication was used to access the transmitter’s internal information and complement the evaluation. The study was conducted experimentally over a range of 0 to 100 °C, using a precision potentiometer as a resistive simulator of a Pt100 sensor. The equivalent resistance values were determined from the resistance–temperature relationship established in IEC 60751. Five points corresponding to 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of the range were evaluated. The reference temperature, Primary Variable (PV), and analog output were recorded using a HART 475 OEM communicator, and the PV error was calculated as the difference between the measured value and the reference value, in accordance with JCGM 200:2012. Before the Zero PV adjustment, the errors were +0.14 °C, +0.14 °C, +0.26 °C, +0.29 °C, and +0.21 °C. After the adjustment, they decreased to +0.02 °C, +0.01 °C, +0.02 °C, +0.01 °C, and +0.02 °C, respectively, and remained within the ±0.1% full-scale limit specified for the transmitter. As a contribution, a procedure for verification, diagnosis, adjustment, and post-adjustment verification using HART was established, which could be used as a guide for instrumentation laboratory practices. It was concluded that the HART protocol enabled a technical intervention based on the comparison between the PV and its reference value and allowed the reduction in measurement error after the adjustment to be quantitatively verified.
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“Lectura de webcómics y autovaloración de la ortografía acentual”
(Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC). Pujilií. Pedagogía de la Lengua y Literatura, 2026-10-20) Pastuña Toaquiza, Jessica Estefania; Tapia Guano, Jenny Mabel; Correa Canteral, Nelly Narcisa
At school, accent marks are often taught through rules and exercises separated from actual reading and writing situations. This study analyzed changes in students’ self-assessment of practices related to accentual spelling before and after a guided webcomic-reading sequence. The participants were all 14 fifth-grade Basic General Education students from class A at Lenin School during the 2025-2026 school year. The study followed a quantitative approach, was framed within the post-positivist paradigm, and used a one-group pre-experimental pretest-posttest design. A 12-item Likert questionnaire was administered and organized into two dimensions: webcomic reading and accentual spelling. Its content was reviewed by three expert teachers with master’s degrees who were affiliated with the Language and Literature Education program at the Technical University of Cotopaxi. In the pretest, the instrument reached an internal consistency of α = 0.814. The classroom experience took place over three consecutive days, from June 8 to June 10, 2026. Activities combined panel reading, identification of stressed syllables, word classification, and revision of short written texts. The total mean increased from 29.50 to 40.36 points, while favorable results rose from 21.4% to 100%. The difference was statistically significant, t(13) = 5.791, p < .001, and showed a large effect size (dz = 1.548). In this group, the sequence was accompanied by a more favorable self-assessment of the practices examined. The finding should be interpreted cautiously: the questionnaire measured perceptions, and the design did not include a comparison group. Therefore, it does not demonstrate an objective reduction in accentuation errors or allow the change to be attributed solely to webcomic use