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Análisis de fallas en el banco de corrección de factor de potencia en la planta de pintura en la empresa Ciauto Cia Ltda
(Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC). Facultad de Ciencias de la Ingeniería y Aplicadas. Electromecánica, 2026-10-14) Telenchana Quilligana, Glenda Margoth; Toapanta Andrango, Stalin Israel; Freire Martínez, Luigi Orlando
This research analyzed the failures affecting the operation of the power factor correction bank in the paint plant of CIAUTO LTD. The study was conducted using a quantitative approach, including a technical inspection of the bank, verification of the measurement system, and analysis of the electrical parameters obtained during a measurement campaign with the Fluke 435-II power quality analyzer. The diagnosis determined a nominal installed capacity of 105 kVAr, compared to a recorded capacity of 99.4 kVAr. In addition, inadequate connections in the current transformers were identified, associated with differences between the readings of the DUCATI DUCA-LCD96 panel analyzer and the Fluke 435-II. The electrical analysis showed that the power factor varied according to load conditions, reaching values between 0.97 and 0.98 during production and an average of 0.79 under low demand. Based on these results, it was proposed to restructure the bank to a nominal capacity of 130 kVAr, distributed in six steps of 5, 10, 25, 25, 40, and 25 kVAr. For the low-demand condition, a compensation requirement of 4.89 kVAr was determined, and a 5 kVAr capacitor was selected. Simulation in DIgSILENT PowerFactory allowed evaluation of this step, resulting in an increase in the power factor from 0.73 to 0.98 for the analyzed condition. The proposal incorporates backup steps and reuses existing components, improving the adaptation of the bank to the identified operating conditions.
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Aplicación del protocolo hart en el proceso de calibración de transmisores de temperatura
(Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC). Facultad de Ciencias de la Ingeniería y Aplicadas. Electromecánica, 2026-10-14) Siza Tigse, Kevin Alexander; Tigasi Licto, Jairo Israel; Freire Martínez, Luigi Orlando
The objective of this research was to apply a technical procedure using the HART protocol for the calibration of a temperature transmitter in order to identify the stage requiring intervention, apply the available adjustment, and quantitatively evaluate the error in the primary variable. The problem addressed was that verification based solely on the 4–20 mA signal did not clearly identify the source of the measurement error. Therefore, HART communication was used to access the transmitter’s internal information and complement the evaluation. The study was conducted experimentally over a range of 0 to 100 °C, using a precision potentiometer as a resistive simulator of a Pt100 sensor. The equivalent resistance values were determined from the resistance–temperature relationship established in IEC 60751. Five points corresponding to 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of the range were evaluated. The reference temperature, Primary Variable (PV), and analog output were recorded using a HART 475 OEM communicator, and the PV error was calculated as the difference between the measured value and the reference value, in accordance with JCGM 200:2012. Before the Zero PV adjustment, the errors were +0.14 °C, +0.14 °C, +0.26 °C, +0.29 °C, and +0.21 °C. After the adjustment, they decreased to +0.02 °C, +0.01 °C, +0.02 °C, +0.01 °C, and +0.02 °C, respectively, and remained within the ±0.1% full-scale limit specified for the transmitter. As a contribution, a procedure for verification, diagnosis, adjustment, and post-adjustment verification using HART was established, which could be used as a guide for instrumentation laboratory practices. It was concluded that the HART protocol enabled a technical intervention based on the comparison between the PV and its reference value and allowed the reduction in measurement error after the adjustment to be quantitatively verified.
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“Lectura de webcómics y autovaloración de la ortografía acentual”
(Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC). Pujilií. Pedagogía de la Lengua y Literatura, 2026-10-20) Pastuña Toaquiza, Jessica Estefania; Tapia Guano, Jenny Mabel; Correa Canteral, Nelly Narcisa
At school, accent marks are often taught through rules and exercises separated from actual reading and writing situations. This study analyzed changes in students’ self-assessment of practices related to accentual spelling before and after a guided webcomic-reading sequence. The participants were all 14 fifth-grade Basic General Education students from class A at Lenin School during the 2025-2026 school year. The study followed a quantitative approach, was framed within the post-positivist paradigm, and used a one-group pre-experimental pretest-posttest design. A 12-item Likert questionnaire was administered and organized into two dimensions: webcomic reading and accentual spelling. Its content was reviewed by three expert teachers with master’s degrees who were affiliated with the Language and Literature Education program at the Technical University of Cotopaxi. In the pretest, the instrument reached an internal consistency of α = 0.814. The classroom experience took place over three consecutive days, from June 8 to June 10, 2026. Activities combined panel reading, identification of stressed syllables, word classification, and revision of short written texts. The total mean increased from 29.50 to 40.36 points, while favorable results rose from 21.4% to 100%. The difference was statistically significant, t(13) = 5.791, p < .001, and showed a large effect size (dz = 1.548). In this group, the sequence was accompanied by a more favorable self-assessment of the practices examined. The finding should be interpreted cautiously: the questionnaire measured perceptions, and the design did not include a comparison group. Therefore, it does not demonstrate an objective reduction in accentuation errors or allow the change to be attributed solely to webcomic use
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Evaluación de criterios de eficiencia energética en la empresa importadora ferretero Chimg
(Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC). Facultad de Ciencias de la Ingeniería y Aplicadas. Electricidad, 2026-10-14) Chisag Chisag, Julio Aurelio; Vásquez Teneda, Franklin Hernán
The purpose of this research project is to evaluate the criteria for electrical energy efficiency at the company Importadora Mega Ferretero Chimg, located in the city of Ambato, Tungurahua province. Subsequently, an energy quality analysis is proposed of determining the main electrical parameters during a specified monitoring period, using the criteria established in Regulation ARCONEL009/2024 as a reference.
Furthermore, this paper aims to identify possible disturbances present in the company's electrical system, and assess the overall condition of the equipment, and detect potential points of failure that could affect the reliability and energy performance of the installation. To achieve this objective, the use of a high-precision Fluke 435-II power quality analyzer is considered to record key variables such as voltage, current, active, reactive, and apparent power, power factor, harmonic distortion, flicker, and voltage imbalance. Ultimately, it is established that the obtained results will serve as a basis to assess the energy condition of the installation, and design a technical proposal aimed at implementing an energy management model based on the ISO 50001: 2018 Standard, in order to improve energy efficiency, optimize consumption, enhance electrical system reliability, and promote sustainability of the facilities of the company Importadora Mega Ferretero Chimg
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Implementación de un módulo de protecciones de sobrecorriente mediante el uso del relé sel 351 para el laboratorio de protecciones eléctricas de la Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi
(Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC). Ciencias de la Ingeniería y Aplicadas. Electricidad, 2026-10-14) Cuenca Morales, Wilmer Rene; Freire Freire, Armando Salvador
The primary objective of the technological proposal was to implement an overcurrent protection module using SEL-351 relay for laboratory protection at Technical University of Cotopaxi. The methodology involved applied research, based on documentary, technical, and experimental procedures; regulatory criteria and the fundamentals of ANSI 50 and ANSI 51 functions were reviewed; a nine-bus electrical system was modeled in DIgSILENT PowerFactory; load currents and CT transformation ratios were analyzed; and finally, the settings were configured and transferred to the relay using ACSELERATOR QuickSet. The results determined normal currents of 339 A, 235 A, and 260 A for loads A, B, and C. For ANSI 51, secondary settings of 5.50 A, 5.09 A, and 5.67 A were established, with margins of 29.79%, 29.96%, and 30.85% relative to normal operation, using U3-U.S. Very Inverse Tpset characteristic of 0.50. For ANSI 50, secondary settings of 28.20 A, 35.76 A, and 40.91 A were configured, with a Tset of 0.00 s. Serial communication with SEL-351 was established using ACSELERATOR QuickSet, allowing Group 1 to be read, edited, and transferred. It was concluded that the developed parameterization adequately distinguishes between normal operation, time-delayed operation, and high-current operation, and links the results obtained in PowerFactory with the relay physical configuration, providing a technical tool for electrical protection practices. Furthermore, the module enhances practical training in configuration and analysis of digital protection systems Keywords: Protection settings, ANSI 50/51, electrical loads, SEL-351 relay, overcurrent.