Carrera Ingeniería en Agronomía

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Browsing Carrera Ingeniería en Agronomía by Author "Aguirre Carrera, Marco Alejandro"

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    “Evaluación de dosis de extractos de Monnina phillyreoides como controlador de insectos en condiciones de laboratorio”
    (Ecuador : Latacunga : Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC), 2024-08) Aguirre Carrera, Marco Alejandro; Cuadrado Barreto, Geraldo Ariolfo
    This research evaluates the effectiveness of different doses of Monnina phillyreoides extracts as biological control of insect pests under laboratory conditions. The reduction in crop yields caused by pests, with losses ranging from 20% to 30%, has been exacerbated by the drastic increase in synthetic chemical pesticides, amounting to some 500,000 tonnes per year globally per active ingredient. This phenomenon, coupled with crop intensification and the prevalence of monoculture, has resulted in a depletion of biodiversity and increasing resistance to insect pests. Despite their initial efficacy, the continued use of chemical pesticides has led to an increase in the need for higher doses and the use of more toxic products, negatively impacting the environment and human health. In response to these challenges, the main objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of Monnina phillyreoides extracts for controlling Drosophila immigrans as an alternative to chemical insecticides. The methodology included collecting Monnina phillyreoides samples, their botanical identification in the UTCEC Herbarium, and preparing extracts by maceration. Phytochemical analysis identified active compounds such as saponins, phenols, flavonoids, terpenes, alkaloids, and oils or fats, ruling out the presence of charcones and quinones. Laboratory tests showed that different concentrations of extracts applied to Drosophila immigrans significantly affected the control of these pests. The six cc concentration of extract showed the best results in terms of efficacy. These results suggest that Monnina phillyreoides have great potential as a bioinsecticide, offering a more sustainable alternative to conventional chemical insecticides. Further research under field conditions is recommended to validate these findings and explore their practical applicability in agriculture.