Carrera Ingeniería Ambiental
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Browsing Carrera Ingeniería Ambiental by Author "Agreda Oña, José Luis"
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- ItemDesarrollo de indicadores de sostenibilidad ambiental para la parroquia de Mulliquindil Santa Ana, cantón Salcedo, provincia Cotopaxi, 2026(Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC) Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales. Ambiental, 2026-10-15) Chicaiza Ramírez, Aracely Fernanda; Agreda Oña, José LuisThe sustainability of rural areas requires reliable information that makes it possible to identify their problems, measure the changes that have occurred, and guide decisions in line with the needs of the population. From this perspective, the study focused on developing environmental indicators for the Mulliquindil Santa Ana parish, Salcedo canton, Cotopaxi province, with the overall objective of developing environmental sustainability indicators based on criteria of effectiveness and efficiency to assess environmental conditions and strengthen sustainable management; the specific objectives were aimed at diagnosing social, environmental, and economic conditions, determining indicators linked to the main issues, and designing a technical proposal for their implementation and monitoring; The methodology employed a mixed-methods approach, with both descriptive and applied scopes, combining documentary and fieldwork methods through a review of institutional sources, direct observation, surveys, and interviews with local stakeholders; the population consisted of 7,632 inhabitants, and the sample included 192 adults, whose data were analyzed using frequencies, percentages, and analytical categories; The results showed that 69.8% experienced interruptions in water supply, 63.5% rated water quality as fair or poor, 30% used alternative methods of waste disposal, and 89.6% acknowledged environmental impacts caused by economic activities; Difficulties were also identified regarding agrochemicals, burning, soil degradation, environmental education, and community participation; based on the assessment, matrices of issues, indicators, and monitoring were structured according to the Pressure-State-Response model, incorporating baselines, targets, responsible parties, frequency, verification methods, and a traffic-light system; It was concluded that the proposed system transforms territorial findings into comparable information for evaluating progress and informing decisions; it is recommended that the Decentralized Autonomous Parish Government progressively apply the indicators, update baselines, and coordinate monitoring with water boards, communities, educational institutions, and local producers.
- ItemDesarrollo de un sistema de gestión integral de manejo de residuos comunes del sector de metalmecánico en el Parque Industrial de Ambato 2026(Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC). Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales. Ambiental, 2026-10-19) Lloacana Bonilla, Edison Javier; Llumitaxi Pesantes, Madeline Fernanda; Agreda Oña, José LuisThe objective of this study was to identify strategies to strengthen the comprehensive management of waste generated by companies in the metalworking sector of the Ambato Industrial Park during the year 2026. The study was conducted using a qualitative approach, involving a documentary and descriptive analysis, under a non-experimental cross-sectional design. The information was obtained from the waste management matrix of 18 companies, which was analyzed through a literature review and the application of the Pareto method to prioritize the waste streams generated in the greatest quantities. The results showed that 44% of the companies manage their waste through authorized environmental management firms, while the remainder use other management mechanisms; in addition, total waste generation was recorded at 7,860 kg per day, with scrap metal accounting for the largest share (54%), followed by other waste (22%), cardboard (10%), plastic (7%), waste electrical and electronic equipment (4%), and paper (3%). The analysis identified opportunities for improvement related to staff training, updating internal procedures, strengthening source separation, optimizing temporary storage, and implementing initiatives aimed at material recovery. It is concluded that the proposed strategies constitute a technically viable alternative for strengthening companies’ environmental performance, increasing the recovery of recyclable materials, and promoting continuous improvement in waste management.
- ItemEvaluación del estado ecológico de la quebrada tillitusa mediante macroinvertebrados bentónicos bajo la influencia de la descarga de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales La Merced, cantón Píllaro.(Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC) Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales. Ambiental, 2026-10-14) Bonilla Tilinchano, Paula Mercedes; Agreda Oña, José LuisThe “La Merced” Wastewater Treatment Plant, located in the Píllaro canton, plays a key role in local environmental management; therefore, assessing its impact on the receiving water body is a priority for the conservation of aquatic communities in the area. The objective of this study was to assess the quality of the water body influenced by the La Merced Wastewater Treatment Plant using benthic macroinvertebrates as bioindicators, complementing the analysis with a physicochemical characterization of the effluent (in accordance with Ministerial Agreement 097-A) and the ICA-NSF Water Quality Index. Three sampling points were established (an upstream control point, the point where the treated effluent enters the receiving waterbody, and a point 15.76 m downstream of the discharge) and three biological sampling events were conducted between January and March 2026. Macroinvertebrates were collected by substrate removal using a 500 µm sieve, preserved in 70% ethanol, and identified to the family level; water quality was assessed using the BMWP/Col, ASPT, ABI, and EPT indices. The results indicated water quality ranging from very critical to critical according to the BMWP/Col index, with scores between 4 and 19 at all three sampling sites. The ASPT showed greater variability: the tributary ranged from 2.0 to 4.75 (extremely polluted to fair), while the receiving water body shifted from good to fair quality (5.66 and 5.33) in the first two samplings to a deterioration in the third (4.5). The ABI classified the quality as very poor to poor at all sampling points, with values ranging from 5 to 18, and the EPT showed a low presence of sensitive organisms (5% to 44.44%), reflecting predominantly poor quality. Statistical analysis using two-factor ANOVA, the Friedman test, and PERMANOVA confirmed significant differences associated with the sampling site, with P2 (river + WWTP effluent) showing the greatest biological deterioration, which was corroborated by the ICA-NSF: P2 recorded the lowest category (62.6; Median), associated with high concentrations of fecal coliforms, while P3 had the best physicochemical quality (69.7; Median). Taken together, these results confirm that the receiving water body exhibits high levels of organic pollution, with a direct influence of the WWTP discharge on the structure of the benthic community—evidence that is useful for environmental management in the Píllaro canton and for understanding the performance of wastewater treatment plants in Andean contexts.