Tesis - Ingeniería en Agroindustrias

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Browsing Tesis - Ingeniería en Agroindustrias by Subject "ANTIOXIDANTES"

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    Cinética del secado por convección de las hojas de guayusa (ilex guayusa).
    (Ecuador: Latacunga: Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC), 2024-08) Jaramillo Alvarez, Katherin Jacqueline; Licuy Grefa, Mishy Nina; Rojas Molina, Jaime Orlando
    Guayusa (Ilex Guayusa), a plant native to the Ecuadorian Amazon, contains secondary metabolites and provides a balanced energy sensation due to caffeine and theobromine. This research project aimed to evaluate the kinetics of convection drying of guayusa leaves. For this purpose, a phytochemical screening of the ethereal, ethanolic, and aqueous extracts of the leaves was carried out, where the presence of alkaloids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and catechins was detected. A kinetic model of the drying process was established, where a linear regression was performed between polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity, which presented data as a function of convection drying time, using the R2 of the linear regression, selecting the pseudo-orders of reaction and the rate constants. At the end of the drying process of the three guayusa leaves treatments, the polyphenol content was evaluated from (180.23 mg/g to 139.23 mg/g at t 60 °C), the antioxidant capacity (0. 5846 μmol Fe2+/g, at t 80 °C), caffeine content in wet samples (3.11 % at 80 °C), in dry samples (3.53 % at 70 °C) and theobromine in wet samples (0.05 at 60 °C) and in dry samples (0.05 at 80 °C), thus showing that there is no difference in theobromine content in the T1 and T3 treatments. With the final data, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out to compare the means of the three treatments, where moisture is present in the wet sample (53.3% at 80 °C) and in the dry sample (3.19% at 80 °C). Thus, to preserve these compounds, it is recommended that the guayusa leaves be dried at lower temperatures, preferably at 60°C.