Tesis - Ingeniería Ambiental

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Browsing Tesis - Ingeniería Ambiental by Subject "ABONO ORGÁNICO"

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    “Análisis de la generación de residuos sólidos orgánicos y propuesta de mejora para su aprovechamiento en el mercado Pujilí “Augusto Lema Enríquez”, cantón Pujilí, Cotopaxi 2024”.
    (Ecuador: Latacunga: Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi: (UTC), 2024-08) Andrade Guanga, Gustavo Ezequiel; Coque Tutasig, Mauricio Andrés; Cajas Cayo, Isaac Eduardo
    The research project was carried out in "Augusto Lema Enríquez" Market, located at Pujilí canton, Cotopaxi province. The objective was to analyze the current generation of organic solid waste and establish a system of utilization through natural fertilizers production. The methodology was applied through quarting method in order to know per capita production and organic waste percentage, with a directed survey application to a sample of fifty merchants in areas of greater generation to diagnose current situation regarding wasting management. It was found that lack knowledge about correct separation and methods are the main causes of poor management. It was established that, between two areas of greatest organic production, "Fruits, vegetables, greens" and "Prepared foods" sections, organic waste is generated weekly 1062 kg, so through collection and manual weighing it was determined daily value per capita production of organic solid waste is 3.02 (kg/trader.day). By this way, a system was developed to obtain two types of organic fertilizer, at Municipal Government's Forest Nursery, where collected waste that was disposed and composting methods were applied in order to maintain optimal conditions of organic material, there, 250 kg of each fertilizer type was obtained, from which a sample of 550 g was extracted to determine quality through laboratory analysis. With this, the produced fertilizers were qualified as suitable for agricultural use in soils thanks their nutrients: Total Nitrogen 0.13%, Phosphorus 0.13% and Potassium 0.90%. In conclusion, thanks to the implementation of system quality organic fertilizers with optimal nutrient, better characteristics were obtained; however, it must be recognized that they have lower percentages compared to commercial fertilizers due to their natural production and not being enriched with additives, but they have benefits for environmental sustainability, in addition to lower production costs, making them a more viable economic and environmental option for the local community in the long term.
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    “Desarrollo de un sistema de gestión integral de residuos orgánicos generados en los mercados de la parroquia Machachi, cantón Mejía”.
    (Ecuador: Latacunga: Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi: (UTC), 2024-08) Narváez Cárdenas, Andrea Nataly; Pila Pilicita, Joselyn Fernanda; Cajas Cayo, Isaac Eduardo
    The research was conducted in three markets of Pichincha Province, Machachi Parish, Mejía Canton, with the aim of developing an integrated management system for the organic waste generated in the markets. In the first instance, the current management of organic waste was diagnosed by using a qualitative approach, which allowed understanding of the waste management practices in the markets within the study area. For this purpose, data was collected through surveys, which were conducted with a sample of 284 people, as well as on-site visits and direct observation. These activities provided information about the final waste disposal. For the development of the integrated management system, the quartering method was used, which provided information and led to the construction of a suitable shed for waste management. It was determined that the weekly amount of organic waste generated in the markets is 2,558.10 kg. El Centro de Comercialización de Productores Agrícolas 'Señor de la Santa Escuela' generates the highest amount of organic waste, reaching 1,403.71 kg per week, while the central market produces the least amount, with 273.65 kg per week. Among the main findings, it is highlighted that 26% of the recyclable inorganic waste from the central market is not properly classified by the sample of people polled. On the other hand, the mayorista market has 3.8% of non-recyclable inorganic waste, which contributes to a higher amount of waste generated by this market. Equally, the waste classification shows that the Centro de Comercialización de Productores Agrícolas 'Señor de la Santa Escuela', generates 95% of organic waste, as it is exclusively dedicated to the marketing of legumes and vegetables. The proposed waste management system aims to promote the circular economy by creating new job opportunities and reducing the amount of waste. Furthermore, this research provides key insights for organic waste management through composting, promoting more sustainable and profitable practices for the community.