Titulación - Medicina Veterinaria
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- ItemPrevalencia de rinotraqueitis infecciosa viral bovina (IBR) en el cantón Latacunga(Universidad Técncica de Cotopaxi (UTC). Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales. Medicina Veterinaria, 2026-10-21) Tarco Guamushig, Reni Isael; Quishpe Mendoza, Xavier CristóbalThis research objective was to determine the Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) prevalence in Latacunga, Cotopaxi province. IBR is an infectious and contagious disease caused by Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 (BoHV-1) that significantly impacts the productivity and livestock herds reproduction. By using a cross-sectional observational design, 100 blood samples were collected from cattle owned by small-scale producers in 14 areas in Latacunga. Serological testing for antibodies against viral glycoprotein B was performed in the laboratory using an indirect ELISA assay. The results showed an overall IBR prevalence with 9%, with specific seropositivity identified in Mulaló area (60%), Pastocalle (25%), and Joseguango Bajo (12.5%), while the remaining 11 parishes reported no positive cases. Based on these details, an epidemiological map was created showing the specific active infection clusters locations within the territory. Using statistical analyses with Fisher's exact test and the chi-square test, the association between seropositivity and the sex variables, age, race, physiological status, and vaccination was evaluated, and it was determined that none of these variables showed a statistically significant association (p > 0.05), concluding that the virus distribution is uniform and those characteristics are independent. The alternative hypothesis was confirmed, thereby verifying the presence of IBR in the area. It is concluded that Latacunga keeps a low prevalence compared to regional data; however, latent viral circulation requires the immediate implementation of strategic vaccination plans, animal movement control and biosecurity reinforced measures to safeguard the livestock area's economy.
- ItemCaracterización de sistemas de tenencia de las gallinas (gallus gallus domesticus) de traspatio en el cantón Saquisilí(Universidad Técncica de Cotopaxi (UTC). Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales. Medicina Veterinaria, 2026-10-21) Sánchez Chango, Scarleth Anahí; Chacón Marcheco, EdilbertoRaising backyard chickens is an important activity for rural families, as it contributes to food security, income generation, and the conservation of genetic resources adapted to local conditions. In this context, the objective of this study was to characterize the backyard chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) husbandry system in the Saquisilí Canton, as a contribution to the understanding and conservation of local genotypes. A survey was administered to 125 backyard chicken producers in the rural areas of the parishes of Canchagua, Chantilín, and Cochapamba, covering socioeconomic aspects, ownership conditions, housing types, feeding practices, health management, and rearing systems for native chicken breeds. The collected data were organized and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that in 68% of cases, the rearing of this animal genetic resource is carried out by women, and that the main motivation for engaging in this activity was family tradition. 75.2% of the producers preferred to raise dual-purpose chickens, and 100% selected breeding roosters primarily based on their size. Regarding management practices, 79.2% of the birds were raised in free-range conditions. Their diet consisted primarily of whole corn (51.2%) and kitchen scraps (27.2%). Only 2.4% of producers implemented vaccination and deworming programs, while 99.2% did not have access to veterinary care. In addition, 100% of respondents reported that they did not keep production records or conduct population censuses of their birds. It is concluded that backyard chicken farming continues to be an activity of social, economic, and cultural importance for rural families in the Saquisilí canton; however, aspects related to health management, feeding, technical assistance, and production organization need to be strengthened to improve its sustainability and productivity and ensure its conservation.
- ItemRelación entre el peso al destete y la calidad reproductiva de cuyes machos (cavia porcellus) presentes en el Campus Salache de la Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi(Universidad Técncica de Cotopaxi (UTC). Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales. Medicina Veterinaria, 2026-10-21) Toapanta Falcón, Ana Alexandra; Chicaiza Sánchez, Luis AlonsoEl presente estudio tuvo como propósito establecer la relación entre el peso al destete y la calidad reproductiva de los cuyes machos (Cavia porcellus) del proyecto de la Facultad CAREN. Para ello, se utilizaron hembras primíparas alojadas en módulos de jaulas de tres niveles, conformándose unidades experimentales con siete hembras y un macho reproductor. Se realizó registros de número de crías por parto, monitoreo de pesos al nacimiento, al destete que se realizó a los 15 días y la ganancia de peso a los 30 días, así mismo se tomó datos de morfometría longitud de cuerpo y cabeza, evaluación de la simetría testicular y testículos palpables. Los resultados evidenciaron que las crías provenientes de camadas simples presentaron el mayor peso al nacimiento, en camada de 1 cría produce 144 g de peso vivo al nacimiento. Una camada de 3 crías produce 402 g de peso vivo al nacimiento. Esto significa que la hembra que produjo tres crías generó aproximadamente 2,8 veces más biomasa que la hembra que produjo una sola cría, la morfometría el largo corporal fue relativamente homogéneo (19 – 21,5 cm), mientras que el tamaño del hocico mostró una variabilidad muy reducida (6 – 7cm), respectivamente, concluyendo que la longitud corporal presenta una correlación moderada con el peso vivo, pero no constituye el mejor predictor.
- ItemDeterminación de la prevalencia de escherichia coli en carne aviar de mercados de la provincia de Cotopaxi Ecuador(Universidad Técncica de Cotopaxi (UTC). Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales. Medicina Veterinaria, 2026-10-20) Panchi Rocha, Karolin Liseh; Silva Déley, Lucia MonserrathPoultry meat plays an important role in the daily diet due to its nutritional value, availability, and affordability. However, it can become contaminated during slaughter, transport, handling, or sale when proper hygiene and storage conditions are not maintained. Due to the limited information available in Cotopaxi regarding the microbiological quality of this food, the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Escherichia coli in samples of poultry meat sold in establishments throughout the province. A quantitative, observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was conducted. Using convenience sampling, 305 samples were collected from establishments located in 37 parishes across the seven cantons of Cotopaxi. These samples were analyzed using a microbiological procedure based on ISO Standard 16649-2 and adapted to the laboratory’s protocol, which enabled the identification of colonies consistent with Escherichia coli. The results were organized by type of establishment, parish, and canton of origin. Statistical tests of association were also applied, and a map of the sampling sites was created. Of the 305 samples analyzed, 212 were positive and 93 were negative, with an overall apparent prevalence of 69.51% (95% CI: 64.13–74.41%). Markets had the highest positivity rate, at 74.2%; however, no significant association was found between the type of establishment and the microbiological result (χ² = 0.461; p = 0.9274). In contrast, significant differences were observed among the cantons (χ² = 31.262; p < 0.001). Saquisilí recorded a 100% positivity rate (9/9), La Maná 96.8% (30/31), and Sigchos the lowest rate, at 30.0% (6/20). The findings show a high presence of colonies consistent with Escherichia coli in the poultry meat examined and differences in their distribution among the cantons. This information may help strengthen microbiological surveillance and improve hygiene, handling, and storage practices during marketing.
- ItemEfecto del consumo de bebida fermentada de quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) como probiótico en pollos de engorde(Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC). Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales. Medicina Veterinaria, 2026-10-20) Montaluisa Herrera, Lisbeth Gissella; Silva Déley, Lucia MonserrathThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of feeding a fermented quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) beverage as a probiotic to Cobb 500 broiler chickens. A quantitative approach was used, employing a hypothetical-deductive method. The research was conducted using a completely randomized experimental design over a 42-day period, with four treatments: T0 (control), T1 (2%), T2 (4%), and T3 (6%) of the fermented beverage added to the drinking water. A total of 100 birds were used, distributed at 25 per treatment, with five replicates of five birds each, with each replicate considered an experimental unit. The study aimed to determine the physical, chemical, and microbiological composition of the fermented quinoa drink, as well as to evaluate production variables such as body weight, feed and water intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, mortality, and cost-benefit ratio. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s test for comparing means (p < 0.05) to determine differences between treatments. The fermented drink exhibited adequate quality characteristics, with a pH of 3.80 and a concentration greater than 1.89 × 10⁶ CFU/mL of Lactobacillus spp., the predominant bacterium in the fermentation process. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences (p<0.05) in water intake and feed conversion during one of the evaluated stages, while there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in most of the production parameters. Treatment T3 showed a favorable numerical trend, recording the best feed conversion ratio, with a value of 1.21, while treatment T2 had the lowest mortality rate (4%) and the highest benefit-to-cost ratio, with an index of 1.26. These results indicate that supplementation with fermented quinoa drink is a viable alternative for broiler chicken feed, as it did not show any negative effects on the evaluated production parameters and performed adequately during the experimental period.