Titulación - Ingeniería Hidráulica
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- ItemDeterminar el índice de calidad del agua (NSF) de la microcuenca del río Cutuchi ubicado en la provincia de Cotopaxi.(Ecuador: Latacunga: Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi: (UTC), 2024-08) Santafe Alvarez, Joselyn Thalya; Saltos Vega, Brayan Isael; Toaza Iza, Jimmy XavierThis research project focuses on analyzing the Water Quality Index (NSF), wich evaluates physico-chemical and microbiological parameters through a weighted multipicatetive equation to asses water conditions in a microbasin. The aim of the study was to determine the Water Quality Index (NS) for the Cutuchi River microbasin located in Cotopaxi Province. The study involved characterizing the area identifying three sampling points in the parishes of Alaquez, Latacunga, and San Miguel. A quantitative methodology was applied, based on the index proposed by the National Sanitation Foundation of the United States (ICA-NSF), with three composite samples collected along the rive's course. Results indicated that the river's upper zone had an ICA of 52.16 (Regular), the middle zona had an ICA of 40.65 (Poor), and the lower zone had an ICA of 38.41 (Poor). The overall average ICA across the three sampling points was 43.74, categorizing the water quality as Poor, primarily due to anthropogenic, agricultural, and livestock activities. Additionally, the ICA-NSF parameters were compared with Ecuadorian regulations (TULSMA), revealing variability in permissible limits and contamination in Fecal Coliforms. Thus, the water quality in the Cutuchi River microbasin is classified as Poor in terms of contamination
- ItemEvaluación de la sustentabilidad de la zona 1 del proyecto de riego tecnificado del río San Juan-Patoa.(Ecuador: Latacunga: Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi: (UTC), 2024-08) Molina Farinango, Adrián David; Heredia Prado, Cristian Santiago; Mogro Cepeda, Yenson VinicioThe thesis titled "Evaluation of the Sustainability of Zone 1 of the San Juan-Patoa River Technified Irrigation Project" focuses on assessing the sustainability of the technified irrigation system implemented in this area. This study addresses three key dimensions of sustainability: economic, ecological or environmental, and socio-cultural. In the economic dimension, the impact of the irrigation system on agricultural productivity and beneficiary income is analyzed, highlighting both the benefits and economic barriers to its adoption. In the ecological or environmental dimension, the efficiency of water use, soil conservation, biodiversity, and the overall impact of the irrigation system on the natural environment are examined. Finally, in the socio-cultural dimension, the acceptance and use of the system by the community are evaluated, along with the level of knowledge and training of the beneficiaries in sustainable practices. The results indicate that, although the project is generally sustainable, there are areas for improvement in beneficiary training and the implementation of sustainable practices. Specific recommendations are proposed to address these shortcomings and enhance the long-term viability of the technified irrigation system, thus ensuring its contribution to the sustainable development of the region.
- ItemSimulación de picos de inundaciones repentinas utilizando fuentes satelitales de datos de precipitaciones en el Río Quindígua, Cantón La Maná.(Ecuador: Latacunga: Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi: (UTC), 2024-08) Tipantasi Amancha, Jonathan Patricio; Zambrano Navarrete, Xiomara AlejandraThe study focuses on the simulation and modeling of flash flood peaks in the Quindígua River basin, located in Cantón La Maná, using precipitation data from the TRMM satellite and hydrological software such as HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS. Land cover was analyzed using satellite images from 2012 with a resolution of 25 by 25 meters to estimate peak flows using the SCS-CN method, achieving an accurate characterization of the basin's hydrological response. Additionally, the "Rain-on-Grid" (RoG) technique was implemented to simulate extreme precipitation events and their impact on generating peak flows. The hydrological simulation in HEC-HMS incorporated hyetographs based on IDF curves and the alternating block method for return periods of 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 years. The resulting hydrographs were used in HEC-RAS to simulate maximum flood levels, flow velocities, and flood areas. The results showed that, over a 24-hour period, peak flows vary significantly depending on the return period, with a peak flow of 63.35 m³/s calculated by the SCS-CN method and 60.90 m³/s by HEC-HMS, showing an error of 3.85% for the 5-year return period. For the 50-year return period, peak flows of 117.36 m³/s (SCS-CN) and 117.40 m³/s (HEC-HMS) were obtained, with a very low error of 0.03%. Flow velocities in the hydrodynamic model ranged from 1.69 m/s for the 5-year return period to 2.51 m/s for the 100-year return period, reflecting the increase in peak flows.
- ItemDinámica temporal de los datos hidrológicos (Caudal), utilizando el análisis de Fourier y ondeletas (wavelets) en la cuenca del rio Toachi, Provincia de Cotopaxi.(Ecuador: Latacunga: Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi: (UTC), 2024-08) Cuzco Tocumbe, Edwin Javier; Iza Quingatuña, Kevin Stiwart; Giler Ormaza, Andy MiguelThe region is under constant threat from El Niño and La Niña weather phenomena, affecting water availability, causing heavy rains, flooding and damage to agricultural infrastructure and housing. The objective of the study is to determine the frequencies of hydrological events (flow), using the Fourier and wavelets method to understand river dynamics. For the present research project, hydrological data (flow) information was collected from the INAMHI platform for the period (1991-2013). The discrete Fourier transform was performed, which transforms from the time domain to the frequency domain to identify more precisely the dominant frequencies of the signals for stations H166, H167 and H188. A good similarity was found in exactly two peaks. The first and most pronounced peak starts at the frequency from 11 to 11.5(Events/12years) and the second peak starts at the frequency from 22.6 to 23.0(Events/12years) approximately, the higher the peak, the stronger the frequency component. On the other hand, the wavelets analysis allows identifying the dominant frequencies of the time series data being represented by means of the power spectrum, the most representative results were the significance curve for the 1-year period indicating 1 (event/year) which means annual return of rains and high flows and the 0.5 year or half year period indicating 2 (events/year) representing the existence of seasonal rainfall sources and dry seasons. The combination of both methods provides a more complete view of the temporal evolution of climatic events and their relationship with the frequencies observed in the hydrological station data in the Toachi river basin.
- ItemEvaluación de las necesidades hídricas de plantas frutales en zonas de la Provincia de Cotopaxi.(Ecuador: Latacunga: Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi: (UTC), 2024-08) Burgos Farias, Steven Mauricio; Zambrano Navarrete, XiomaraThe objective of research is to evaluate water needs of fruit crops in Cotopaxi province, considering climatological and edaphological conditions where fruit crop agricultural production is implemented. The methodology uses climatological data such as temperature, relative humidity, heliophany, winds, and precipitation, as well as edaphological data such as field capacity, permanent wilting point, apparent density, and saturated soil electrical conductivity. Later, the different climatological variables were used to establish the Penman-Monteith method for estimating reference evapotranspiration values, and crop coefficient values were obtained from the FAO. Finally, based on soil conditions, irrigation schedules were established for dry seasons. The results show that water needs of banana crop range from 152.586 mm/month to 619.163 mm/month; cocoa crop ranges from 90.77 mm/month to 812.665 mm/month; the sugar cane crop ranges from 128.835 mm/month; tree tomato crop ranges from 193.251 mm/month to 593.8025 mm/month; blackberry crop ranges from 259.896 mm/month to 813.376 mm/month; citrus crop ranges from 239.286 mm/month to 607.583 mm/month; and guava crop ranges from 623.6825 mm/month to 1441.624 mm/month. The results are due to plant, soil, and climatological conditions, and their evapotranspiration values are high due to their dry seasons.